Function of lipids

Function of lipids

1- energy source as 1gm fat release 9k.cal

2- body temperature keeping (insulator)

3- water ware house as 100gm combustion release 107 gm H2O

4- satiating

5- component of cell membrane

Classification of fatty acids

1- saturated: solid at room temperature as cheese, egg, meat and yogurt

2- unsaturated:   *monounsaturated: solid at fridge, oil at room temperature as avo 

                               cados, peanut oil; and olive oil

                             *polyunsaturated: oil at room temperature as fish oil,linse,evening and    primrose oil

Lipid and its classes

Definition:

Family of biochemicals that are soluble in organic solvents but not in water - hydrophobic in nature

Classes Of Lipids:

   waxes: fatty acid + long chain alcohol

   triglycerides: fats and oils   (glycerol + 3 fatty acids)

   phospho lipids: glycerol + 2 fatty acid + phosphate + amino alcohol (ethanolamine - serine - choline)

   glycolipids: glycerol or sphingosine + fatty acid + monosaccharide

   steroids: 3 cyclohexanes + 1 cyclopentane fused together

Another classification of lipids

    1- saponifiable: 
                                *can be hydrolysed by NaOH to make soap
                                *further subdivided to:
                                          
                                              a-simple: made of fatty acid and alcohol
                                              b-compound: either phospho or glycolipids which contain
                                                  phosphate  or sugar groups as well as fatty acids
    2- non saponifiable:
                                   *can't be hydrolysed
                                   * include sterols such as cholestrol

Another classification of lipids

    1-simple lipids: as triglycerides and waxes
    2-compound lipids:
                               *glycerophospholipids (phosphatidates - plasmalogen)
                              *sphingo lipids (ceramides - sphingomyelins - cerebrosides - gangliosides)

    3-derived lipids: fatty acids - steroids - lipid soluble vitamins - other terpenes
    4-eicosanoids: like prostaglandins